2030年前碳達(da)峰行動方案

    為深入(ru)貫徹落實(shi)政府關(guan)于碳達峰、碳中和的(de)重大戰略(lve)決(jue)策，扎實(shi)推進(jin)碳達峰行動，制定(ding)本方案。

    一、總體要求

  工作原則。

    ——總體部署、分類(lei)施策。堅持全(quan)國(guo)一盤棋，強化頂層設(she)計(ji)和各(ge)(ge)(ge)方統籌。各(ge)(ge)(ge)地區、各(ge)(ge)(ge)領域、各(ge)(ge)(ge)行(xing)業(ye)因地制宜、分類(lei)施策，明(ming)確既符合自身(shen)實際又滿(man)足總體要求的目(mu)標任務。

    ——系統推(tui)進、重點(dian)突破。準確認識(shi)碳達(da)峰行動(dong)對(dui)經(jing)濟社會發(fa)展的深(shen)遠影響(xiang)，加強政策的系統性、協同性。抓住主要矛盾(dun)和矛盾(dun)的主要方面，推(tui)動(dong)重點(dian)領域、重點(dian)行業(ye)和有條(tiao)件的地方率先達(da)峰。

    ——雙輪驅動(dong)、兩手發(fa)力。更好(hao)發(fa)揮政府作(zuo)用，構建新(xin)型舉國(guo)體制(zhi)，充(chong)分發(fa)揮市場機制(zhi)作(zuo)用，大力推進(jin)綠色低碳科技創(chuang)新(xin)，深化能源和相(xiang)關領域改革，形成有效激勵約束機制(zhi)。

    ——穩(wen)妥有序、平(ping)安降碳。立足我國(guo)富煤貧油少(shao)氣的(de)能源(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)稟賦，堅(jian)持先立后(hou)破，穩(wen)住存量，拓展增(zeng)量，以保障我國(guo)能源(yuan)(yuan)平(ping)安和經濟發展為底(di)線(xian)，爭取時間實現新能源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)逐漸(jian)替代(dai)，推動(dong)能源(yuan)(yuan)低碳轉型(xing)平(ping)穩(wen)過渡，切(qie)實保障我國(guo)能源(yuan)(yuan)平(ping)安、產(chan)業鏈供應(ying)鏈平(ping)安、糧食平(ping)安和群眾正常生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)活，著力化解各類風險隱患(huan)，防止過度反(fan)應(ying)，穩(wen)妥有序、循(xun)序漸(jian)進推進碳達峰行(xing)動(dong)，平(ping)安降碳。

    二、主要目(mu)標

    “十四(si)五(wu)”期間(jian)，產業結構和能(neng)源結構調整優化(hua)取(qu)得(de)(de)明顯進展，重點行(xing)業能(neng)源利用(yong)效率(lv)大幅(fu)提升，煤炭消費增長得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)嚴格(ge)控(kong)制，新(xin)型(xing)電力系(xi)統加快構建，綠(lv)色(se)低碳技術(shu)研發(fa)(fa)和推廣應用(yong)取(qu)得(de)(de)新(xin)進展，綠(lv)色(se)生(sheng)產生(sheng)活方式得(de)(de)到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)普遍(bian)推行(xing)，有(you)利于綠(lv)色(se)低碳循環發(fa)(fa)展的政策(ce)體系(xi)進一步(bu)完整。到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)2025年(nian)，非化(hua)石能(neng)源消費比(bi)重達到(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)20%左右，單(dan)位國(guo)內生(sheng)產總(zong)值能(neng)源消耗比(bi)2020年(nian)下降13.5%，單(dan)位國(guo)內生(sheng)產總(zong)值二氧化(hua)碳排放比(bi)2020年(nian)下降18%，為(wei)實現(xian)碳達峰奠定(ding)堅(jian)實基礎。

    “十五五”期間，產(chan)業(ye)結構(gou)調整取得重(zhong)大進(jin)展(zhan)(zhan)，清潔(jie)低(di)碳....的能(neng)源(yuan)體系初(chu)步建(jian)立，重(zhong)點(dian)領(ling)域低(di)碳發展(zhan)(zhan)模式(shi)基本形(xing)成(cheng)，重(zhong)點(dian)耗能(neng)行(xing)業(ye)能(neng)源(yuan)利用(yong)效(xiao)率達到各國當先水平，非(fei)化石能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費比(bi)重(zhong)進(jin)一步提高，煤炭消(xiao)費逐(zhu)步減少，綠(lv)色低(di)碳技術(shu)取得關鍵(jian)突破，綠(lv)色生活方式(shi)成(cheng)為公眾自(zi)覺(jue)選擇，綠(lv)色低(di)碳循環發展(zhan)(zhan)政策體系基本健全。到2030年(nian)，非(fei)化石能(neng)源(yuan)消(xiao)費比(bi)重(zhong)達到25%左(zuo)右，單位國內生產(chan)總值二氧化碳排放比(bi)2005年(nian)下降65%以(yi)上，順(shun)利實現2030年(nian)前碳達峰(feng)目標。

    三、重點(dian)任務

    將(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)貫穿于經濟(ji)社會(hui)發展全(quan)(quan)過(guo)程和各方面(mian)，重(zhong)點(dian)實施能(neng)源(yuan)綠(lv)色低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)轉型行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)、節能(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)增效行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)、工業(ye)領(ling)域(yu)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)、城鄉建設碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)、交通(tong)運輸綠(lv)色低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)、循(xun)環經濟(ji)助(zhu)力(li)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)、綠(lv)色低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)科(ke)技創新行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)、碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)匯能(neng)力(li)鞏(gong)固提(ti)升行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)、綠(lv)色低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)全(quan)(quan)民行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)、各地區梯次(ci)有序碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)等“碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)達(da)峰(feng)十(shi)大行(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)動(dong)(dong)”。

    （一(yi)）能(neng)源綠(lv)色(se)低碳轉型(xing)行動。

    能(neng)源(yuan)是經濟(ji)社會發(fa)展的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)物質基礎，也是碳排放(fang)的(de)主要(yao)來源(yuan)。要(yao)堅持降碳，在保(bao)障(zhang)能(neng)源(yuan)平安的(de)前提下，大力實(shi)施可再生能(neng)源(yuan)替代(dai)，加快構(gou)建清潔低碳的(de)能(neng)源(yuan)體系(xi)。

    1．推(tui)(tui)進(jin)煤(mei)(mei)炭消(xiao)費替代(dai)和(he)轉型升(sheng)級(ji)(ji)。加快(kuai)煤(mei)(mei)炭減量步伐，“十四五(wu)”時期嚴格合理(li)控制煤(mei)(mei)炭消(xiao)費增長(chang)，“十五(wu)五(wu)”時期逐步減少。嚴格控制新(xin)(xin)增煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)項目，新(xin)(xin)建機組煤(mei)(mei)耗標準達到各國當先水平，有(you)(you)序淘(tao)汰煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)落后產能，加快(kuai)現役機組節能升(sheng)級(ji)(ji)和(he)靈活性(xing)改(gai)造，積極推(tui)(tui)進(jin)供熱(re)改(gai)造，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)向基(ji)礎保障性(xing)和(he)系統調節性(xing)電(dian)源(yuan)并重轉型。嚴控跨(kua)區(qu)外送(song)可(ke)再生能源(yuan)電(dian)力(li)(li)配(pei)套煤(mei)(mei)電(dian)規(gui)模，新(xin)(xin)建通道可(ke)再生能源(yuan)電(dian)量比例原則(ze)上不低于(yu)50%。推(tui)(tui)動(dong)重點(dian)用(yong)煤(mei)(mei)行業減煤(mei)(mei)限(xian)煤(mei)(mei)。大力(li)(li)推(tui)(tui)動(dong)煤(mei)(mei)炭清潔利(li)用(yong)，合理(li)劃定禁止(zhi)散燒區(qu)域(yu)，多(duo)措(cuo)并舉、積極有(you)(you)序推(tui)(tui)進(jin)散煤(mei)(mei)替代(dai)，逐步減少直至禁止(zhi)煤(mei)(mei)炭散燒。

    2．大力發展新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)。加快(kuai)推進風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)大規模開發和高質量(liang)發展，堅(jian)持集中式(shi)與(yu)分布式(shi)并舉(ju)，加快(kuai)建設風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)和光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)。加快(kuai)智能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)產(chan)業創新升(sheng)級和特色應用(yong)，創新“光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)+”模式(shi)，推進光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)多元(yuan)布局。堅(jian)持陸海并重，推動風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)協(xie)調快(kuai)速發展，完整海上風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)產(chan)業鏈，鼓勵建設海上風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)。積極發展太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)熱(re)(re)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)，推動建立光(guang)(guang)(guang)熱(re)(re)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)與(yu)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)、風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)互(hu)補(bu)調節的風(feng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)熱(re)(re)綜合(he)可再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)基地(di)。因地(di)制宜發展生物(wu)質發電(dian)(dian)(dian)、生物(wu)質能(neng)(neng)清(qing)潔供(gong)暖和生物(wu)天然氣(qi)。探索深化地(di)熱(re)(re)能(neng)(neng)以及波浪能(neng)(neng)、潮流能(neng)(neng)、溫(wen)差能(neng)(neng)等海洋(yang)新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)開發利用(yong)。到2030年，風(feng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)總裝(zhuang)機(ji)容量(liang)達到12億千瓦以上。

    3．因地制宜(yi)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。積極(ji)推(tui)進水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)基地建(jian)設(she)，推(tui)動金沙(sha)江上游、瀾(lan)滄(cang)江上游、雅礱江中游、黃河上游等(deng)已納(na)入規劃、符合生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)要求的水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)項(xiang)目開(kai)工建(jian)設(she)，推(tui)進雅魯藏布(bu)江下游水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)，推(tui)動小水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)綠色發(fa)(fa)(fa)展。推(tui)動西南(nan)地區(qu)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與風電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、太陽能(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)協同互補。統籌水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)，探索建(jian)立(li)水(shui)(shui)能(neng)資源開(kai)發(fa)(fa)(fa)生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)保(bao)護(hu)補償機制。“十四五”、“十五五”期間分別(bie)新增水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝機容量4000萬千(qian)瓦左(zuo)右，西南(nan)地區(qu)以水(shui)(shui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)為主的可再生(sheng)能(neng)源體系基本建(jian)立(li)。

    4．積極平(ping)安有序發(fa)展核(he)(he)電。合(he)理確定核(he)(he)電站布(bu)局和開發(fa)時序，在..平(ping)安的前提下有序發(fa)展核(he)(he)電，保持(chi)平(ping)穩建設節奏。積極推動高溫氣冷堆(dui)、快堆(dui)、模塊化小型堆(dui)、海上浮動堆(dui)等堆(dui)型示范(fan)工程，開展核(he)(he)能(neng)綜合(he)利(li)用(yong)示范(fan)。加(jia)大核(he)(he)電標(biao)準化、自主化力(li)度，加(jia)快關鍵(jian)技術裝(zhuang)備(bei)攻關，培育高端核(he)(he)電裝(zhuang)備(bei)制造產業集(ji)群。實(shi)行嚴格的標(biao)準和嚴格的監(jian)管，持(chi)續提升(sheng)核(he)(he)平(ping)安監(jian)管能(neng)力(li)。

    5．合(he)理調控油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)消(xiao)費(fei)。保持石(shi)油(you)(you)消(xiao)費(fei)處(chu)于合(he)理區間，逐步(bu)調整汽油(you)(you)消(xiao)費(fei)規模，大力推進(jin)生(sheng)物液(ye)體燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)、可持續航(hang)空燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)等替(ti)代傳統燃(ran)(ran)油(you)(you)，提升終端燃(ran)(ran)油(you)(you)產(chan)品(pin)能效。加(jia)快推進(jin)頁巖氣(qi)(qi)、煤層氣(qi)(qi)、致密油(you)(you)（氣(qi)(qi)）等非常規油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)資源規模化開發。有序引(yin)導(dao)天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)消(xiao)費(fei)，優化利(li)用(yong)(yong)結構，優先保障民生(sheng)用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)，大力推動天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)與多(duo)種能源融合(he)發展，因地制宜建設天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)調峰(feng)電站，合(he)理引(yin)導(dao)工(gong)(gong)業用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)和化工(gong)(gong)原料(liao)(liao)用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)。支持車船使用(yong)(yong)液(ye)化天(tian)然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)作(zuo)為燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)。

    6．加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)建設(she)(she)新(xin)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)。構建新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)占比逐(zhu)漸提(ti)高(gao)(gao)的(de)新(xin)型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)，推動清潔(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)資源(yuan)(yuan)大范(fan)圍優化配(pei)置。大力(li)(li)(li)(li)提(ti)升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)綜合(he)調節(jie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)，加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)靈活調節(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)建設(she)(she)，引導自備電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠、傳統(tong)高(gao)(gao)載能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工業負荷(he)、工商業可中斷負荷(he)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動汽車充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)絡、虛(xu)擬電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)廠等參與系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)調節(jie)，建設(she)(she)堅強智能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，提(ti)升電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)平安(an)保障(zhang)水(shui)平。積極發(fa)展(zhan)“新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)+儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)”、源(yuan)(yuan)網(wang)荷(he)儲(chu)(chu)一(yi)體(ti)化和(he)多能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)互(hu)補，支(zhi)持分布(bu)式新(xin)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)合(he)理(li)配(pei)置儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)。制定新(xin)一(yi)輪抽水(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)中長(chang)期(qi)發(fa)展(zhan)規(gui)劃，完整促(cu)進抽水(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)政策機(ji)制。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)新(xin)型儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)示范(fan)推廣應(ying)用。深(shen)化電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)制改(gai)革，加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)構建全國統(tong)一(yi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)(li)(li)市場體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)。到2025年，新(xin)型儲(chu)(chu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)裝(zhuang)機(ji)容量(liang)達到3000萬千(qian)瓦以上。到2030年，抽水(shui)蓄(xu)(xu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)裝(zhuang)機(ji)容量(liang)達到1.2億千(qian)瓦左右，省級電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)基本具備5%以上的(de)尖峰(feng)負荷(he)響(xiang)應(ying)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)(li)(li)。

    （二）節能降碳增效行動。

    落實節約優先(xian)方針，完(wan)整能(neng)源(yuan)消費(fei)(fei)(fei)強度(du)(du)和總(zong)量雙控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)度(du)(du)，嚴格控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)能(neng)耗強度(du)(du)，合(he)理控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)能(neng)源(yuan)消費(fei)(fei)(fei)總(zong)量，推動(dong)能(neng)源(yuan)消費(fei)(fei)(fei)革命，建設能(neng)源(yuan)節約型社(she)會。

    1．提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)能(neng)(neng)力(li)。推行用(yong)能(neng)(neng)預算管(guan)(guan)理(li)，強(qiang)化固定資(zi)產投資(zi)項目(mu)節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)審查，對項目(mu)用(yong)能(neng)(neng)和碳排放情況(kuang)進行綜合評價(jia)，從源(yuan)頭推進節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降(jiang)碳。提(ti)高節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)信(xin)息(xi)化水平，重點用(yong)能(neng)(neng)單(dan)位能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)(hao)在(zai)線監測系統(tong)，建(jian)立(li)全國性、行業性節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)技術(shu)推廣服(fu)務平臺，推動高耗(hao)(hao)能(neng)(neng)企業建(jian)立(li)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)中心。完成能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)計(ji)量體系，鼓勵采用(yong)相應(ying)手段(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)水平。加強(qiang)節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)監察(cha)能(neng)(neng)力(li)建(jian)設，健全省、市、縣三級節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)監察(cha)體系，建(jian)立(li)跨部門聯(lian)動機制，綜合運(yun)用(yong)行政處罰、信(xin)用(yong)監管(guan)(guan)、綠色電價(jia)等手段(duan)，增(zeng)強(qiang)節(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)監察(cha)約(yue)束力(li)。

    2．實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)重(zhong)點工(gong)程(cheng)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)城市節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)工(gong)程(cheng)，開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)建(jian)筑、交通、照明、供熱等(deng)基(ji)礎設施(shi)(shi)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)升(sheng)級改造，推(tui)進(jin)綠色(se)建(jian)筑技術示范應(ying)用，推(tui)動城市綜(zong)合能(neng)(neng)效(xiao)提升(sheng)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)園(yuan)區節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)工(gong)程(cheng)，以(yi)高(gao)耗能(neng)(neng)高(gao)排放(fang)項目（以(yi)下稱(cheng)“兩高(gao)”項目）集聚度高(gao)的園(yuan)區為(wei)重(zhong)點，推(tui)動能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)系統優(you)化和(he)梯級利用，打造一批達到(dao)各(ge)國當先水平的節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)園(yuan)區。實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)重(zhong)點行(xing)業節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)工(gong)程(cheng)，推(tui)動電力、鋼鐵、有色(se)金(jin)屬、建(jian)材、石化化工(gong)等(deng)行(xing)業開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)改造，提升(sheng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)資(zi)源(yuan)利用效(xiao)率(lv)。實(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)重(zhong)大節(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降碳(tan)(tan)(tan)技術示范工(gong)程(cheng)，支持已取得突破的綠色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)(tan)關鍵技術開(kai)(kai)展(zhan)產業化示范應(ying)用。

    3．推進重點用能(neng)設備(bei)節(jie)能(neng)增(zeng)效(xiao)。以電(dian)機(ji)、風機(ji)、泵、壓縮機(ji)、變壓器、換熱(re)器、工業鍋爐等設備(bei)為(wei)重點，提(ti)升能(neng)效(xiao)標準。建(jian)立以能(neng)效(xiao)為(wei)導向的(de)激勵(li)約束機(ji)制(zhi)，推廣(guang)產(chan)品設備(bei)，加快淘汰落后低(di)效(xiao)設備(bei)。加強重點用能(neng)設備(bei)節(jie)能(neng)審查和日(ri)常監管(guan)，強化生(sheng)產(chan)、經營、銷售、使用、報廢(fei)全鏈條管(guan)理，嚴厲(li)打擊違(wei)法違(wei)規行(xing)為(wei)，能(neng)效(xiao)標準和節(jie)能(neng)要求(qiu)落實到位。

    4．加強(qiang)新(xin)型(xing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)節能(neng)(neng)(neng)降碳。優化新(xin)型(xing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)空間布(bu)局，統籌謀劃(hua)、科學配(pei)置(zhi)數據中心等新(xin)型(xing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)，避免低(di)水(shui)平重(zhong)復建設(she)。優化新(xin)型(xing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)結構，采用(yong)(yong)直流供(gong)電、分布(bu)式(shi)儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)、“光伏(fu)+儲能(neng)(neng)(neng)”等模式(shi)，探索(suo)多(duo)樣化能(neng)(neng)(neng)源供(gong)應，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)非化石能(neng)(neng)(neng)源消費(fei)比重(zhong)。對標(biao)(biao)各(ge)國當(dang)先水(shui)平，加快完整通(tong)(tong)信(xin)、運(yun)算、存儲、傳輸等設(she)備(bei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)標(biao)(biao)準，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)準入(ru)門(men)檻(jian)，淘(tao)汰落后設(she)備(bei)和技術。加強(qiang)新(xin)型(xing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)管理，將年綜(zong)合能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗超過1萬噸標(biao)(biao)準煤的(de)數據中心全部納入(ru)重(zhong)點用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)單位(wei)能(neng)(neng)(neng)耗在線(xian)監測(ce)系統，開展能(neng)(neng)(neng)源計量審(shen)查(cha)。推動既有設(she)施(shi)綠色升(sheng)(sheng)級改造，積極(ji)推廣使用(yong)(yong)高(gao)(gao)制(zhi)冷、當(dang)先通(tong)(tong)風、余熱利用(yong)(yong)、智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)化用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)控(kong)制(zhi)等技術，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)設(she)施(shi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)效(xiao)水(shui)平。

    （三）工(gong)業領域碳(tan)達峰行動。

    工業(ye)是產生碳排放的主要(yao)領(ling)(ling)域之一，對(dui)全國(guo)整體實(shi)現碳達峰具有(you)重要(yao)影(ying)響。工業(ye)領(ling)(ling)域要(yao)加快綠色(se)低碳轉型和高質量(liang)發展，力爭率先(xian)實(shi)現碳達峰。

    1．推(tui)動(dong)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)領(ling)域(yu)綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)發(fa)展(zhan)。優化(hua)產(chan)業(ye)結構，加(jia)快退出(chu)落(luo)后產(chan)能，大力發(fa)展(zhan)戰略性(xing)新興產(chan)業(ye)，加(jia)快傳統產(chan)業(ye)綠色(se)低(di)碳(tan)改造(zao)。促進工(gong)(gong)業(ye)能源(yuan)消費(fei)低(di)碳(tan)化(hua)，推(tui)動(dong)化(hua)石(shi)能源(yuan)清潔利用，提高(gao)可再生能源(yuan)應用比重，加(jia)強(qiang)電力需求側管理，提升(sheng)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)電氣化(hua)水平。深入實施綠色(se)制造(zao)工(gong)(gong)程，大力推(tui)行綠色(se)設(she)計，綠色(se)制造(zao)體系，建設(she)綠色(se)工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)和(he)綠色(se)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)園區。推(tui)進工(gong)(gong)業(ye)領(ling)域(yu)數字化(hua)智能化(hua)綠色(se)化(hua)融合發(fa)展(zhan)，加(jia)強(qiang)重點行業(ye)和(he)領(ling)域(yu)技(ji)術(shu)改造(zao)。

    2．推(tui)(tui)動鋼鐵行(xing)業碳(tan)達峰(feng)。深化(hua)鋼鐵行(xing)業供(gong)給側結(jie)構(gou)性改革(ge)，嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行(xing)產(chan)能(neng)置換，嚴(yan)禁新增產(chan)能(neng)，推(tui)(tui)進(jin)存量(liang)優化(hua)，淘汰(tai)落后產(chan)能(neng)。推(tui)(tui)進(jin)鋼鐵企業跨地區、跨所有制兼(jian)并重組(zu)，提(ti)高行(xing)業集中度。優化(hua)生產(chan)力布局，以京(jing)津冀及(ji)周邊地區為重點，繼(ji)續(xu)壓減鋼鐵產(chan)能(neng)。促進(jin)鋼鐵行(xing)業結(jie)構(gou)優化(hua)和清潔能(neng)源(yuan)替代，大力推(tui)(tui)進(jin)非高爐(lu)煉鐵技(ji)術(shu)示(shi)范(fan)，提(ti)升廢(fei)鋼資源(yuan)回收利用水平，推(tui)(tui)行(xing)全廢(fei)鋼電爐(lu)工藝。推(tui)(tui)廣適(shi)用技(ji)術(shu)，深挖節能(neng)降碳(tan)潛(qian)力，鼓勵鋼化(hua)聯產(chan)，探索(suo)開展(zhan)氫冶(ye)金(jin)、二氧化(hua)碳(tan)捕集利用一體化(hua)等試(shi)點示(shi)范(fan)，推(tui)(tui)動低品(pin)位余熱供(gong)暖發(fa)展(zhan)。

    3．推(tui)(tui)動(dong)有(you)(you)色金屬(shu)行(xing)(xing)業碳達(da)峰。鞏固化解電(dian)解鋁過剩產(chan)能成(cheng)果(guo)，嚴格執行(xing)(xing)產(chan)能置換，嚴控新(xin)增產(chan)能。推(tui)(tui)進清(qing)潔(jie)能源替代，提高水(shui)電(dian)、風電(dian)、太陽能發(fa)電(dian)等(deng)應(ying)用比(bi)重。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)再(zai)生(sheng)有(you)(you)色金屬(shu)產(chan)業發(fa)展，..廢棄有(you)(you)色金屬(shu)資源回(hui)收、分選和(he)加(jia)(jia)工網(wang)絡，提高再(zai)生(sheng)有(you)(you)色金屬(shu)產(chan)量(liang)。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)(tui)廣應(ying)用..適(shi)用綠色低碳技(ji)術，提升有(you)(you)色金屬(shu)生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)余熱回(hui)收水(shui)平，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)單位產(chan)品能耗持續下降。

    4．推(tui)動建(jian)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)業碳達峰。加(jia)強產(chan)(chan)能置換監(jian)管，加(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)低效產(chan)(chan)能退(tui)出(chu)，嚴(yan)禁新增水泥熟料(liao)、平板玻璃產(chan)(chan)能，引導建(jian)材(cai)(cai)行(xing)業向輕型(xing)化、集約化、制品(pin)化轉型(xing)。推(tui)動水泥錯峰生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)常(chang)態化，合理(li)(li)縮短水泥熟料(liao)裝置運轉時間(jian)。因地(di)制宜利(li)用(yong)(yong)風能、太陽能等(deng)可(ke)再生(sheng)能源，逐步提高電力、天然氣應(ying)用(yong)(yong)比(bi)重。鼓(gu)勵(li)建(jian)材(cai)(cai)企(qi)業使用(yong)(yong)粉(fen)煤灰、工(gong)業廢渣(zha)(zha)、尾礦渣(zha)(zha)等(deng)作為原料(liao)或水泥混合材(cai)(cai)。加(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)推(tui)進綠色建(jian)材(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)和應(ying)用(yong)(yong)推(tui)廣(guang)，加(jia)強新型(xing)膠凝材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、低碳混凝土、木(mu)竹(zhu)建(jian)材(cai)(cai)等(deng)低碳建(jian)材(cai)(cai)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)研發應(ying)用(yong)(yong)。推(tui)廣(guang)節(jie)能技術(shu)設備(bei)，開展能源管理(li)(li)體系建(jian)設，實現節(jie)能增效。

    5．推(tui)動(dong)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)行(xing)業碳達峰(feng)。優化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)規模和(he)布局(ju)，加(jia)大落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)淘汰力(li)度，有(you)效化(hua)(hua)(hua)解結(jie)構性(xing)過剩矛(mao)盾。嚴(yan)格項(xiang)目(mu)準(zhun)入，合理(li)安排建設時序(xu)，嚴(yan)控新增煉油(you)和(he)傳統(tong)煤(mei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)生產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)力(li)，穩妥有(you)序(xu)發展現(xian)代(dai)煤(mei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)。引導(dao)企業轉變用(yong)(yong)能(neng)(neng)方式(shi)，鼓(gu)勵(li)(li)以電(dian)力(li)、天(tian)然氣等替代(dai)煤(mei)炭(tan)。調整原(yuan)料結(jie)構，控制新增原(yuan)料用(yong)(yong)煤(mei)，拓展富氫原(yuan)料進口來源，推(tui)動(dong)石化(hua)(hua)(hua)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)原(yuan)料輕質化(hua)(hua)(hua)。優化(hua)(hua)(hua)產(chan)(chan)品結(jie)構，促(cu)進石化(hua)(hua)(hua)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)與煤(mei)炭(tan)開(kai)采、冶金、建材、化(hua)(hua)(hua)纖等產(chan)(chan)業協同發展，加(jia)強煉廠(chang)干氣、液化(hua)(hua)(hua)氣等副產(chan)(chan)氣體利用(yong)(yong)。鼓(gu)勵(li)(li)企業節能(neng)(neng)升級改造，推(tui)動(dong)能(neng)(neng)量梯級利用(yong)(yong)、物料循環利用(yong)(yong)。到2025年，國內原(yuan)油(you)一(yi)次加(jia)工(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)力(li)控制在(zai)10億(yi)噸以內，主要產(chan)(chan)品產(chan)(chan)能(neng)(neng)利用(yong)(yong)率提升至80%以上。

    6．堅(jian)決(jue)遏制“兩(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)”項(xiang)(xiang)目盲目發(fa)展。采取(qu)強有(you)(you)力(li)措施，對(dui)(dui)(dui)“兩(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)”項(xiang)(xiang)目實(shi)行清單管(guan)理、分類處置、動(dong)態監(jian)控。排查在(zai)建項(xiang)(xiang)目，對(dui)(dui)(dui)能(neng)效(xiao)水平低于本行業能(neng)耗限額準入值的，按(an)有(you)(you)關規定(ding)停工整改，推動(dong)能(neng)效(xiao)水平應(ying)提(ti)盡提(ti)，力(li)爭達到(dao)國內乃至各國高(gao)(gao)(gao)水平。科學評估擬建項(xiang)(xiang)目，對(dui)(dui)(dui)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)已飽和的行業，按(an)照“減量(liang)(liang)替代”原則(ze)壓減產(chan)(chan)能(neng)；對(dui)(dui)(dui)產(chan)(chan)能(neng)尚(shang)未飽和的行業，按(an)照..布(bu)局(ju)和審批備案等要求，對(dui)(dui)(dui)標各國高(gao)(gao)(gao)水平提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)準入門(men)檻；對(dui)(dui)(dui)能(neng)耗量(liang)(liang)較(jiao)大的新(xin)興產(chan)(chan)業，支(zhi)持引導企業應(ying)用綠色低碳(tan)技術，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)能(neng)效(xiao)水平。深入挖(wa)潛存(cun)量(liang)(liang)項(xiang)(xiang)目，加快淘汰落后產(chan)(chan)能(neng)，通過改造(zao)升級(ji)挖(wa)掘節能(neng)減排潛力(li)。強化(hua)常態化(hua)監(jian)管(guan)，堅(jian)決(jue)拿下不符(fu)合要求的“兩(liang)(liang)高(gao)(gao)(gao)”項(xiang)(xiang)目。

    （四）交通運輸綠色低碳行動。

    加快形成綠色低碳(tan)運輸方(fang)式，交(jiao)通運輸領域(yu)碳(tan)排放增長保(bao)持在合理區間(jian)。

    推(tui)動(dong)(dong)運(yun)(yun)輸工(gong)(gong)具裝備低碳轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)。積極(ji)擴大電(dian)力(li)、氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)、天然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)、生物(wu)液體燃料(liao)等新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)、清(qing)潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)在交(jiao)通運(yun)(yun)輸領域應用。大力(li)推(tui)廣新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)汽(qi)車，逐步降(jiang)低傳統(tong)燃油汽(qi)車在新車產銷和汽(qi)車保(bao)有量(liang)(liang)中的占比(bi)，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)城市公共服(fu)務車輛(liang)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)替代，推(tui)廣電(dian)力(li)、氫(qing)燃料(liao)、液化(hua)(hua)天然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)力(li)重型(xing)(xing)貨(huo)運(yun)(yun)車輛(liang)。提升鐵路系統(tong)電(dian)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)化(hua)(hua)水平(ping)。加(jia)快老舊(jiu)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)更(geng)新改(gai)造，發展(zhan)電(dian)動(dong)(dong)、液化(hua)(hua)天然(ran)(ran)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)力(li)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)，深(shen)入推(tui)進(jin)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)靠港使用岸(an)電(dian)，因地(di)制宜(yi)開展(zhan)沿(yan)海、內河綠色智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)船(chuan)舶(bo)(bo)示范應用。提升機場運(yun)(yun)行電(dian)動(dong)(dong)化(hua)(hua)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)化(hua)(hua)水平(ping)，發展(zhan)新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)航空器(qi)。到2030年，當(dang)年新增新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)、清(qing)潔(jie)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)動(dong)(dong)力(li)的交(jiao)通工(gong)(gong)具比(bi)例(li)達(da)到40%左(zuo)右(you)，營運(yun)(yun)交(jiao)通工(gong)(gong)具單(dan)(dan)位換(huan)算周轉(zhuan)量(liang)(liang)碳排放強度比(bi)2020年下(xia)降(jiang)9.5%左(zuo)右(you)，鐵路單(dan)(dan)位換(huan)算周轉(zhuan)量(liang)(liang)綜合能(neng)(neng)耗(hao)比(bi)2020年下(xia)降(jiang)10%。陸(lu)路交(jiao)通運(yun)(yun)輸石油消費(fei)力(li)爭2030年前達(da)到峰(feng)值。

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