我國生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質資源(yuan)豐富，主要包(bao)括農業(ye)(ye)廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)(qi)物(wu)、林業(ye)(ye)廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)(qi)物(wu)、畜(chu)禽糞便、城(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)活垃圾、有機廢(fei)(fei)水和廢(fei)(fei)渣(zha)等(deng)。根據中(zhong)(zhong)投產(chan)業(ye)(ye)研究院發(fa)布(bu)的《2020-2024年(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)國生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質能(neng)(neng)利用產(chan)業(ye)(ye)深度(du)分析及發(fa)展規劃咨詢建(jian)議報告》顯示，每年(nian)可作為能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用的生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質資源(yuan)總(zong)量約相(xiang)等(deng)于4.6億標準(zhun)(zhun)煤。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)農業(ye)(ye)廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)(qi)物(wu)資源(yuan)量約4億噸，折算(suan)成標煤量約2億噸；林業(ye)(ye)廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)(qi)物(wu)資源(yuan)量約3.5億噸，折算(suan)成標煤量約2億噸；其(qi)余相(xiang)關有機廢(fei)(fei)棄(qi)(qi)物(wu)約為6000萬噸標準(zhun)(zhun)煤。

農作物秸稈：國(guo)(guo)家發展(zhan)改革委、農業農村(cun)部(bu)共(gong)同(tong)組織各省有關(guan)部(bu)門和..，對全國(guo)(guo)秸(jie)稈(gan)綜(zong)合(he)(he)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)情況進行了終期(qi)評估(gu)。評估(gu)結(jie)果(guo)顯示，2019年(nian)全國(guo)(guo)主要農作(zuo)物秸(jie)稈(gan)理論資源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為10.4億(yi)(yi)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)，可(ke)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)資源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為9.0億(yi)(yi)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)，利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為7.2億(yi)(yi)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)，秸(jie)稈(gan)綜(zong)合(he)(he)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)率為80.1%。從“五料(liao)化(hua)”利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)途徑看，秸(jie)稈(gan)肥料(liao)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為3.9億(yi)(yi)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)，占可(ke)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)資源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)43.2%；秸(jie)稈(gan)飼料(liao)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)1.7億(yi)(yi)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)，占可(ke)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)資源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)18.8%；秸(jie)稈(gan)基料(liao)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)0.4億(yi)(yi)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)，占可(ke)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)資源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)4.0%；秸(jie)稈(gan)燃料(liao)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)1.0億(yi)(yi)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)，占可(ke)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)資源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)11.4%；秸(jie)稈(gan)原料(liao)化(hua)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)(liang)0.2億(yi)(yi)噸(dun)(dun)(dun)，占可(ke)收(shou)集(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)資源(yuan)(yuan)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)2.7%。我(wo)國(guo)(guo)秸(jie)稈(gan)綜(zong)合(he)(he)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)漸(jian)入佳境。

林業剩余物和能源植物：截至2019年(nian)底(di)，全(quan)國(guo)森林(lin)(lin)(lin)面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)2.2億公(gong)頃，森林(lin)(lin)(lin)蓄(xu)積(ji)量175.6億立方米，實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)了30年(nian)來連(lian)續保持面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)、蓄(xu)積(ji)量的(de)(de)(de)“雙增長”，林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)展潛力巨大。我國(guo)可(ke)(ke)利(li)用的(de)(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)主要有(you)(you)(you)三類(lei)：一是(shi)木質(zhi)(zhi)纖維原料。包(bao)括薪炭林(lin)(lin)(lin)、灌木林(lin)(lin)(lin)和林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)“三剩(sheng)物(wu)(wu)”等，總量約有(you)(you)(you)3.5億噸(dun)(dun)。二是(shi)木本(ben)油(you)料資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)。我國(guo)林(lin)(lin)(lin)木種(zhong)(zhong)子含油(you)率超(chao)(chao)過40%的(de)(de)(de)鄉(xiang)土植物(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)(you)150多種(zhong)(zhong)，其中(zhong)油(you)桐、光皮樹、黃連(lian)木等主要能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)林(lin)(lin)(lin)樹種(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)自然分布面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)超(chao)(chao)過100萬公(gong)頃，不僅具有(you)(you)(you)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai)作(zuo)用，還可(ke)(ke)年(nian)產(chan)100萬噸(dun)(dun)以上(shang)果(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)，全(quan)部(bu)加(jia)(jia)工利(li)用可(ke)(ke)獲得40余萬噸(dun)(dun)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)柴油(you)。三是(shi)木本(ben)淀(dian)粉植物(wu)(wu)。如(ru)櫟類(lei)果(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)、菜(cai)板栗、蕨根、芭蕉芋等，其中(zhong)櫟類(lei)樹種(zhong)(zhong)分布面(mian)(mian)(mian)積(ji)達(da)1610萬公(gong)頃，以每畝(mu)產(chan)果(guo)100公(gong)斤計算(suan)，每年(nian)可(ke)(ke)產(chan)果(guo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)2415萬噸(dun)(dun)，全(quan)部(bu)加(jia)(jia)工利(li)用可(ke)(ke)生(sheng)產(chan)燃料乙醇約600萬噸(dun)(dun)。這些豐富的(de)(de)(de)林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，不僅可(ke)(ke)以為林(lin)(lin)(lin)業(ye)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)可(ke)(ke)持續發(fa)展提供(gong)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)基礎，而(er)且(qie)可(ke)(ke)利(li)用空間很(hen)大，可(ke)(ke)為緩解國(guo)家能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)危機、調整和優化能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)結構(gou)、實(shi)(shi)(shi)現(xian)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)可(ke)(ke)持續供(gong)給提供(gong)有(you)(you)(you)力的(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)保障(zhang)。

生活垃圾：2010年(nian)(nian)以來，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃圾(ji)(ji)(ji)清運量(liang)(liang)逐(zhu)年(nian)(nian)上(shang)(shang)升，2019年(nian)(nian)超過2億噸(dun)，達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)2.04億噸(dun)，同比增長6.81%。根據《“十三(san)五”全國(guo)(guo)城(cheng)鎮生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃圾(ji)(ji)(ji)無害化處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)設(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)規劃》要(yao)求，到(dao)(dao)(dao)2020年(nian)(nian)，城(cheng)市生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃圾(ji)(ji)(ji)焚燒(shao)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)能力占(zhan)無害化處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)能力的(de)50%以上(shang)(shang)，焚燒(shao)設(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)能力要(yao)達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)59.14萬噸(dun)/日(ri)，占(zhan)建(jian)設(she)任務的(de)比重達(da)54%，新建(jian)規模達(da)到(dao)(dao)(dao)35.62萬噸(dun)/日(ri)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃圾(ji)(ji)(ji)中存在大(da)量(liang)(liang)的(de)可燃(ran)物(wu)，利用(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃圾(ji)(ji)(ji)替代燃(ran)煤，在焚燒(shao)爐內進行燃(ran)燒(shao)、發出熱(re)量(liang)(liang)并產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)蒸汽，既可發電(dian)(dian)，也可熱(re)電(dian)(dian)聯產或直(zhi)接供熱(re)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃圾(ji)(ji)(ji)焚燒(shao)發電(dian)(dian)（供熱(re)），既處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)了生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)垃圾(ji)(ji)(ji)，又節(jie)約了國(guo)(guo)家的(de)不可再生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)能源--煤或燃(ran)油，還(huan)能彌補我(wo)國(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)力的(de)不足。截至2019年(nian)(nian)底，在各類生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)能中，垃圾(ji)(ji)(ji)焚燒(shao)發電(dian)(dian)裝機容量(liang)(liang)占(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)發電(dian)(dian)裝機總容量(liang)(liang)的(de)53%。

生物質發電裝機規模：根據(ju)中投產業(ye)研究院(yuan)發布的《2020-2024年(nian)中國(guo)生物質能利用產業(ye)深(shen)度分析及發展規(gui)劃咨詢建(jian)議報(bao)告》顯示，2020年(nian)上半(ban)年(nian)，生物質發電新(xin)增裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容量151萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，累(lei)計(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)容量達(da)(da)到2520萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)（含(han)廣西自備(bei)生物質電廠）。其中，生活垃圾焚(fen)燒發電新(xin)增裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)86萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，累(lei)計(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)達(da)(da)到1300萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)；農(nong)林(lin)生物質發電新(xin)增裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)57萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，累(lei)計(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)達(da)(da)到1138萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)；沼氣(qi)發電新(xin)增裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)8萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)，累(lei)計(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)達(da)(da)到83萬(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)。

2020年(nian)上(shang)半(ban)年(nian)，生(sheng)物質發電(dian)量達到618.2億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)23.7%，其中，生(sheng)活垃圾焚燒發電(dian)量355.9億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)40.8%；農林生(sheng)物質發電(dian)244.3億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)5.6%；沼氣發電(dian)18億(yi)千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時，同(tong)比增(zeng)長(chang)13.8%。均保持(chi)增(zeng)長(chang)勢頭。

生物質發電累計裝(zhuang)機排名前五(wu)位(wei)的省(sheng)份是(shi)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)、廣(guang)東(dong)、江(jiang)蘇、浙江(jiang)和(he)安徽，分(fen)別(bie)為303.8萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、272.6萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、209.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、206.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)和(he)199.9萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)；新增(zeng)裝(zhuang)機較多的省(sheng)份是(shi)廣(guang)東(dong)、江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)、河北(bei)、廣(guang)西(xi)(xi)和(he)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)，分(fen)別(bie)為26.3萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、18.7萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、13萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、12.4萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)和(he)11.1萬(wan)(wan)(wan)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)；年發電量(liang)排名前五(wu)位(wei)的省(sheng)份是(shi)廣(guang)東(dong)、山(shan)(shan)東(dong)、江(jiang)蘇、安徽和(he)浙江(jiang)，分(fen)別(bie)為76.4億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)、74.2億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)、59億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)、52.8億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)和(he)51.6億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時(shi)。

圖表 2020年生物質發電各省累計裝機容量

單位：萬千瓦

數據來源：中國(guo)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發展促進會生物質能產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)分會（2020年上半年）

圖(tu)表(biao) 2020年生物(wu)質發(fa)電各省新增裝機容量

單(dan)位：萬千瓦(wa)

數據來源：中國產業發(fa)展促(cu)進會(hui)生(sheng)物質能產業分會(hui)（2020年上半(ban)年）

生物質能開發利用建議

一、充分利用現有農林剩余物資源

為實現生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)業持(chi)續(xu)發展(zhan)(zhan)，應充分(fen)(fen)利用我國現有生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以突破生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)的瓶頸，提高(gao)(gao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的附(fu)加值。為實現高(gao)(gao)附(fu)加值產(chan)(chan)品(pin)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，要結(jie)合(he)多學科知識(shi)，多角度、全方面的對(dui)不(bu)(bu)同生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)及(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)同生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長階段給(gei)予充分(fen)(fen)認識(shi)，了解(jie)不(bu)(bu)同生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的微觀結(jie)構及(ji)變(bian)化規律，對(dui)不(bu)(bu)同生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)采用不(bu)(bu)同生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)方式充分(fen)(fen)發揮其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)潛力，從(cong)而(er)使(shi)得生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)可以高(gao)(gao)效的轉化為生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)。于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)業發展(zhan)(zhan)而(er)言，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應是(shi)基礎。作(zuo)為農(nong)業大國，雖(sui)然我國蘊含生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)種類繁多、數量豐富，但對(dui)于總量到底(di)有多少缺乏(fa)詳(xiang)盡(jin)的統計，也(ye)缺乏(fa)對(dui)其(qi)分(fen)(fen)布地區的詳(xiang)盡(jin)描述，使(shi)得一(yi)些生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)有閑置浪費現象。因此(ci)，全面開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)清(qing)查工作(zuo)對(dui)充分(fen)(fen)利用現有生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)有積極意義，摸(mo)清(qing)何(he)種植物(wu)(wu)可作(zuo)為生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)以及(ji)收集成本，摸(mo)清(qing)何(he)種土(tu)地適合(he)哪種生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長，何(he)種土(tu)地媒介適合(he)“不(bu)(bu)與糧(liang)爭地”能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)作(zuo)物(wu)(wu)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長。

為充分(fen)利用(yong)現有生(sheng)物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，還應當(dang)尋求多種技(ji)術(shu)手段并(bing)用(yong)，輔(fu)以運用(yong)生(sheng)物技(ji)術(shu)手段，走出傳統作物的種植(zhi)“禁區”，探(tan)究能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)物無(wu)土栽培(pei)(pei)的可(ke)能(neng)(neng)性。通過生(sheng)物技(ji)術(shu)的運用(yong)，在人工環境下培(pei)(pei)育(yu)出性狀更優良(liang)的生(sheng)物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)作物，為生(sheng)物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)產業發(fa)展(zhan)提供(gong)更優質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)。同時，應升級(ji)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)物培(pei)(pei)育(yu)模式，激發(fa)農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)種植(zhi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)植(zhi)物熱情，政(zheng)府、企業、銀(yin)行、農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)進行協同合作，企業與農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)簽訂生(sheng)物質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)收(shou)購(gou)合同后，政(zheng)府為農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)提供(gong)補助及背(bei)書使銀(yin)行愿意為農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)放貸，方便農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)進行種植(zhi)作物原材料的購(gou)買，此外企業還可(ke)適當(dang)對農(nong)戶(hu)(hu)(hu)提供(gong)相應的培(pei)(pei)育(yu)技(ji)術(shu)支持。

生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能源(yuan)(yuan)企業可(ke)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)后(hou)向一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)戰(zhan)略，兼并生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)農、林廢(fei)棄(qi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)等生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)企業，以(yi)保障充足生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應，使(shi)得生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)經營(ying)活動穩步有效的(de)(de)(de)進行。當前生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)業處(chu)于(yu)高速成(cheng)長(chang)階段(duan)，為實(shi)施(shi)(shi)后(hou)向一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)戰(zhan)略提供(gong)了(le)(le)適(shi)宜的(de)(de)(de)外部環境。如此實(shi)施(shi)(shi)縱向一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)戰(zhan)略可(ke)以(yi)減少生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)業內部對(dui)于(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)競爭(zheng)(zheng)，減少競爭(zheng)(zheng)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)，使(shi)企業更了(le)(le)解生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)種(zhong)類及特性，增(zeng)強其(qi)(qi)今后(hou)收購生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)議價(jia)能力(li)并減少交易(yi)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)。實(shi)施(shi)(shi)后(hou)向一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)(hua)戰(zhan)略可(ke)規避(bi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)給(gei)方不可(ke)靠(kao)的(de)(de)(de)風險，獲(huo)得穩定(ding)、可(ke)靠(kao)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，維持(chi)穩定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)品成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)，以(yi)使(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)品定(ding)價(jia)穩定(ding)，增(zeng)強其(qi)(qi)競爭(zheng)(zheng)能力(li)，進而促(cu)進生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能源(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)業持(chi)續發展。

二、生物質資源多元化開發利用

在保證經濟(ji)性和(he)可(ke)(ke)(ke)獲得(de)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)下(xia)，所有(you)(you)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)都可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)成(cheng)(cheng)為用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)潛在資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。未來能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以包括各類有(you)(you)機廢物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及(ji)邊(bian)際(ji)土(tu)地資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等。有(you)(you)穩定的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)來源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)使生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)利用(yong)(yong)成(cheng)(cheng)為可(ke)(ke)(ke)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)，對當前可(ke)(ke)(ke)利用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)有(you)(you)詳盡的(de)(de)(de)(de)了解才能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)利用(yong)(yong)其他生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，實(shi)現生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)。當前，我國對于(yu)(yu)(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)總體評價明顯不足，對生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)總體狀(zhuang)況進行評估(gu)，完成(cheng)(cheng)對邊(bian)際(ji)土(tu)壤的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)潛力(li)評估(gu)，加大(da)對林業(ye)(ye)廢棄物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)、生(sheng)(sheng)活垃圾的(de)(de)(de)(de)研究評估(gu)有(you)(you)助于(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)現生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。就能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)品而言，可(ke)(ke)(ke)針對不同(tong)地區實(shi)施(shi)不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直燃(ran)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)、成(cheng)(cheng)型發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)、混燃(ran)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)等發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)方(fang)式(shi)，實(shi)現多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)可(ke)(ke)(ke)燃(ran)氣(qi)、燃(ran)料乙醇的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，把農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)廢棄物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)沼氣(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)思想深入農(nong)(nong)戶，使農(nong)(nong)戶直接(jie)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。從而實(shi)現從生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)及(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)多(duo)(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)角度促(cu)進生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)持續(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。

生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)能源(yuan)(yuan)產業發展的源(yuan)(yuan)頭，在明(ming)確(que)“不(bu)與(yu)(yu)糧爭地”、“不(bu)與(yu)(yu)人爭糧”的前(qian)提下(xia)，發揮(hui)邊際土(tu)地生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)潛力(li)后，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)來源(yuan)(yuan)十(shi)分廣泛。對不(bu)同(tong)(tong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)所創造收益(yi)做分類統(tong)計，綜合運輸成本、信息交流成本等多種因素，對不(bu)同(tong)(tong)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)創造的效(xiao)益(yi)進(jin)行詳細分析，找出.利(li)于生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)能源(yuan)(yuan)產業持續發展的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)，同(tong)(tong)時對效(xiao)益(yi)低下(xia)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)謀求改善方法(fa)，以此進(jin)一步推動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)能源(yuan)(yuan)產業持續發展。

三、提升生物質能源產業研發能力

技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)投入對(dui)(dui)(dui)生物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)有(you)積極作用。要(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高生物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)品附加值，為生物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)持續(xu)(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供源(yuan)源(yuan)不(bu)(bu)斷的(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)支持就要(yao)(yao)加大產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)是提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)水平(ping)的(de)核心能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)。為實(shi)現生物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)支持的(de)持續(xu)(xu)性，要(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)障產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)內有(you)源(yuan)源(yuan)不(bu)(bu)斷的(de)有(you)效研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)，為此政(zheng)府及(ji)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)可以(yi)增強(qiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)資金(jin)投入，設(she)置經濟激勵政(zheng)策鼓勵研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)創新。企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)及(ji)政(zheng)府可以(yi)設(she)立(li)服務于技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)的(de)專項基金(jin)，為企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創新保(bao)(bao)駕護(hu)航(hang)，同時注(zhu)意提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)資金(jin)使用效率，促進生物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)持續(xu)(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。此外，在關(guan)注(zhu)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)的(de)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升及(ji)投入時，要(yao)(yao)增強(qiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)成果及(ji)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)人(ren)員權(quan)(quan)益的(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)，樹(shu)立(li)自主知識產(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)意識，注(zhu)重對(dui)(dui)(dui)知識產(chan)(chan)(chan)權(quan)(quan)及(ji)..的(de)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)，維(wei)護(hu)市場公平(ping)競爭，嚴懲(cheng)偷用、盜用，從根本上(shang)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)研(yan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)能(neng)(neng)(neng)力(li)，實(shi)現技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)水平(ping)的(de)飛(fei)躍(yue)，為生物(wu)質(zhi)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)持續(xu)(xu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供持久的(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)支持。

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